1. Mechanisms of Stem Cell Therapy in MS

1.1 Immunomodulation

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties that can modulate the immune response in MS. They secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β, inhibit the activation of autoreactive T and B cells, and promote the differentiation of regulatory T cells, thereby reducing autoimmune-mediated damage to myelin PubMedcureus.com.

1.2 Neuroprotection

MSCs provide neuroprotection by secreting neurotrophic factors like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), which support neuronal survival and function. They also inhibit apoptosis and glial scar formation, contributing to the preservation of neural integrity FrontiersMDPI.

1.3 Remyelination

MSCs can differentiate into oligodendrocyte precursor cells, which are capable of remyelinating demyelinated axons. This process restores the conduction of nerve impulses and improves neurological function in MS patients FrontiersPMC.

2. Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine in MS

Traditional Chinese Medicine offers a holistic approach to MS treatment, focusing on restoring balance within the body and enhancing the efficacy of stem cell therapy.

2.1 Immune Regulation

TCM herbs such as Rehmannia, Astragalus, and Angelica are used to tonify the kidney and invigorate qi, which strengthens the body's resistance and modulates immune function. This regulation helps reduce the frequency of MS relapses and alleviate symptoms ResearchGate.

2.2 Anti-inflammatory Effects

Herbs like Scutellaria, Phellodendron, and Chuanxiong possess anti-inflammatory properties that can reduce neuroinflammation in MS patients. These herbs help alleviate pain and improve neurological function 科学直通车.

2.3 Symptom Management

Acupuncture, a key component of TCM, has been shown to improve symptoms such as fatigue, pain, and spasticity in MS patients. It enhances blood circulation, regulates the nervous system, and promotes overall well-being msard-journal.com.

3. Synergistic Effects of Combining Stem Cell Therapy and TCM

Integrating stem cell therapy with TCM provides a synergistic effect that enhances the overall treatment outcome in MS:

• Enhanced Immune Modulation: While MSCs modulate immune responses, TCM herbs further regulate immune function, leading to a more balanced immune system.

• Comprehensive Neuroprotection: MSCs offer direct neuroprotection, and TCM herbs support this by improving systemic health and reducing inflammation.

• Improved Remyelination and Symptom Relief: The combination promotes remyelination and alleviates symptoms, improving the patient's quality of life.

Clinical studies have demonstrated that this integrative approach can reduce relapse rates, improve neurological function, and enhance the overall well-being of MS patients 科学直通车.

干细胞与中医结合治疗多发性硬化症的原理

多发性硬化症（Multiple Sclerosis，MS）是一种慢性自身免疫性中枢神经系统疾病，其特征为炎症性脱髓鞘、轴突损伤和神经退行性变。 传统治疗主要集中在免疫抑制和症状管理，但常常无法完全恢复神经功能。 近年来，研究者探索了将干细胞治疗与中医结合的潜力，以增强MS患者的治疗效果。

1. 干细胞治疗MS的机制

1.1 免疫调节

间充质干细胞（MSCs）具有免疫调节特性，能够调节MS患者的免疫反应。 它们分泌抗炎细胞因子，如IL-10和TGF-β，抑制自体反应性T细胞和B细胞的激活，促进调节性T细胞的分化，从而减少自身免疫介导的髓鞘损伤 PubMedcureus.com。

1.2 神经保护

MSCs通过分泌神经营养因子，如脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）和神经生长因子（NGF），支持神经元的存活和功能。 它们还抑制细胞凋亡和胶质瘢痕的形成，有助于维持神经完整性 FrontiersMDPI。

1.3 髓鞘修复

MSCs能够分化为少突胶质前体细胞，这些细胞能够对脱髓鞘的轴突进行再髓鞘化。 这一过程恢复了神经冲动的传导，改善了MS患者的神经功能 FrontiersPMC。

2. 中医在MS中的机制

中医提供了一种整体的治疗方法，侧重于恢复体内的平衡，并增强干细胞治疗的效果。

2.1 免疫调节

中药如熟地黄、黄芪和当归用于补肾益气，增强体质，调节免疫功能。 这种调节有助于减少MS的复发频率，缓解症状 ResearchGate。

2.2 抗炎作用

黄芩、黄柏和川芎等草药具有抗炎特性，能够减少MS患者的神经炎症。 这些草药有助于缓解疼痛，改善神经功能 科学直通车。

2.3 症状管理

针灸是中医的一个重要组成部分，已被证明可以改善MS患者的疲劳、疼痛和痉挛等症状。 它通过增强血液循环、调节神经系统和促进整体健康来发挥作用 msard-journal.com。

3. 干细胞治疗与中医结合的协同效应

将干细胞治疗与中医结合提供了协同效应，增强了MS治疗的整体效果：

• 增强免疫调节：MSCs调节免疫反应，中药进一步调节免疫功能，导致更平衡的免疫系统。

• 全面的神经保护：MSCs提供直接的神经保护，中药通过改善系统健康和减少炎症来支持这一点。

• 改善髓鞘修复和症状缓解：这种结合促进了髓鞘修复，缓解了症状，改善了患者的生活质量。

临床研究表明，这种综合方法可以减少复发率，改善神经功能，增强MS患者的整体健康 科学直通车。